Nutrition
Nutrition
Nutrition
· It is the process to transfer source of energy (food) from outside to the body for maintaining living structure of an organism.
· It provides nutrients to the body so that it can obtain energy to carry out the activities required to stay alive. ‘Nutrients’ are substances that give nourishment which provides energy to an organism. The digestive system of an organism breaks down complex food into simpler molecules, so that the cells can take them and use for survival, growth and reproduction.
· Nutrition promotes growth of the body, which involves the formation of new protoplasm. Nutrition meets the energy requirement of the body. It helps to synthesize a variety of substances like: proteins, carbohydrates, fats etc.
Modes of Nutrition
Plants and animals do not obtain food by the same process. Plants and some bacteria have the green pigment ‘chlorophyll’ to help synthesize food, while animals, fungi and other bacteria depend on other organisms for food. There are two modes of Nutrition:
1. Autotrophic Nutrition 2. Heterotrophic Nutrition
Difference between the two modes of Nutrition
| Autotrophic Nutrition | Heterotrophic Nutrition |
1 | It occurs in green plants, some bacteria and in some plants. | It occurs in fungi and animals |
2 | Chlorophyll is necessary for trapping solar energy. | Chlorophyll is absent; as such they do not trap solar energy. |
3 | Food is self manufactured using CO2 and water as raw material | Food is obtained directly or indirectly from autotrophs. |
4 | Digestion of food does not occur. | Digestion is required to convert complex organic substances into simpler form |
5 | They are placed at the bottom of the food chain as producers. | They are placed above producers in the middle of food chain as consumers. |
6 | e.g.: plants, blue – green algae | e.g.; animals including humans |
Which of the following are correct ? (a) It provides nutrients to the body so that the body can obtain energy to carry out the activities required to stay alive. (b) ‘Nutrients’ are substances that give nourishment which provides energy to an organism. (c) The digestive system of an organism breaks down complex food into simpler molecules, so that the cells can take them and use for survival, growth and reproduction. | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
There are ______________ modes of nutrition. | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
The process of taking in food and utilizing it for the growth and development is known as_________ | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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